Creating and Communicating Design Proposals: a Study of Goals and Skills within Software Development, Graphic Design and Interaction Design

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In this study, eight practitioners from the fields of graphic design, software development and interaction design were interviewed about work processes, idea generation and creative approaches. The interviews were analysed with a focus on underlying goals and motivations as well as the role of the different skills of team members, users and clients. In software development teams, a certain mix of skills was considered to produce more creative results, whereas in cross-disciplinary design teams, the individual skills seem to be employed in a way that primarily secures a robust communication of a design proposal along the way from initial ideas to the finished end-result. Furthermore, in software development, initial system requirements often are formed into a rather abstract representation of a possible design, whereas in the two design fields, more concretised representations seem common. However, such concretised representations were appreciated in software development and often seem to be used as design patterns when available. Based on these findings, future interaction designers should acquire skills in visualising and communicating design ideas, which includes creating informative sketches as well as animated or interactive prototypes. This would make the communication of the intended design more concrete and provide with useful input to software development. Att skapa och kommunicera designförslag: en studie av mål och färdigheter inom mjukvaruutveckling, grafisk design och interaktionsdesign Sammanfattning Åtta yrkesverksamma personer från områdena grafisk design, mjukvaruutveckling respektive interaktionsdesign intervjuades om arbetsprocesser, idéskapande och kreativa angreppssätt. Intervjuerna analyserades med fokus på bakomliggande målsättningar och drivkrafter. Betydelsen av individuella färdigheter hos medlemmar i utvecklingsoch designgrupper samt hos användare och uppdragsgivare undersöktes även. I mjukvaruutvecklingsgrupper ansågs en viss blandning av färdigheter ge ett mer kreativt resultat, medan det verkar som om tvärdisciplinära designgrupper använder sig av de individuella färdigheterna hos gruppmedlemmarna på ett sätt som framförallt säkrar en robust kommunikation av ett designförslag längs vägen från initiala idéer till slutresultat. Vidare så skapas ofta inom mjukvaruutveckling en abstrakt representation av en möjlig design utifrån initiala systemkrav, medan mer konkretiserade representationer verkar vanliga inom grafisk design och interaktionsdesign. Emellertid uppskattades konkretiserade representationer inom mjukvaruutveckling, och när sådana fanns tillgängliga verkade de ofta användas som designmönster. Mot bakgrund av dessa resultat bör blivande interaktionsdesigners införskaffa färdigheter i att visualisera och kommunicera designidéer, vilket innefattar att skapa informativa skisser samt animerade eller interaktiva prototyper. Detta skulle göra beskrivningen av en tilltänkt design mer konkret, vilket vore värdefullt vid mjukvaruutveckling.

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تاریخ انتشار 2010